Onetsetsani kuyanika
Nayiloni imakhala ya hygroscopic, ngati itawululidwa ndi mpweya kwa nthawi yayitali, imatha kuyamwa chinyezi mumlengalenga.Pa kutentha pamwamba pa malo osungunuka (pafupifupi 254 ° C), mamolekyu amadzi amachitira mankhwala ndi nayiloni.Mankhwalawa, otchedwa hydrolysis kapena cleavage, amatsitsimutsa nayiloni ndikuyichotsa.Kulemera kwa mamolekyu ndi kulimba kwa utomoni kumachepa, ndipo madzi ake amawonjezeka.The chinyezi odzipereka ndi pulasitiki ndi mpweya losweka kuchokera olowa clamping mbali, kuwala aumbike pamwamba si yosalala, siliva njere, timadontho, microspores, thovu, katundu Sungunulani kukula sangathe kupangidwa kapena anapanga pambuyo makina mphamvu utachepa kwambiri.Pomaliza, nayiloni yong'ambika ndi hydrolysis iyi ndi yosasinthika ndipo sangagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngakhale iumitsidwanso.
Zinthu za nayiloni musanayambe kuyanika jekeseni jekeseni ziyenera kutengedwa mozama, kuti ziume mpaka kufika pamlingo wotani ndi zofunikira za mankhwala omalizidwa kuti musankhe, nthawi zambiri 0,25% pansipa, zikanakhala bwino zisapitirire 0.1%, bola ngati zopangira zouma zouma bwino, kuumba jekeseni kuli bwino. zosavuta, mbali sizidzabweretsa mavuto ambiri pa khalidwe.
Nayiloni inali bwino kugwiritsa ntchito vacuum kuyanika, chifukwa kutentha kwa mpweya wowumitsa mpweya ndikokwera kwambiri, zouma zouma zikadalipo kukhudzana ndi mpweya mumlengalenga komanso kuthekera kwa kusungunuka kwa okosijeni, okosijeni wambiri kudzakhalanso ndi zotsatira zosiyana. kuti kupanga brittle.
Popanda zida zowumitsira vacuum, kuyanika kwamlengalenga kungagwiritsidwe ntchito, ngakhale kuti zotsatira zake ndizosauka.Pali mawu ambiri osiyanasiyana okhudza kuyanika kwa mumlengalenga, koma apa pali ochepa chabe.Yoyamba ndi 60 ℃ ~ 70 ℃, zinthu wosanjikiza makulidwe 20mm, kuphika 24h ~ 30h;Yachiwiri si kupitirira 10h pamene kuyanika pansipa 90 ℃;Wachitatu ndi 93 ℃ kapena pansi, kuyanika 2h ~ 3h, chifukwa mu mpweya kutentha kuposa 93 ℃ ndi mosalekeza 3h pamwamba, n'zotheka kupanga nayiloni mtundu kusintha, kotero kutentha ayenera kuchepetsedwa 79 ℃;Chachinayi ndikuwonjezera kutentha kupitirira 100 ℃, kapena ngakhale 150 ℃, chifukwa choganizira za kukhudzana ndi mpweya wa nayiloni kwa nthawi yayitali kapena chifukwa cha kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa zipangizo zowumitsira;Chachisanu ndi makina opangira jakisoni otentha mpweya wowuma, kutentha kwa mpweya wotentha mu hopper kumakwezedwa osachepera 100 ℃ kapena kupitilira apo, kuti chinyezi mu pulasitiki chisasunthike.Kenako mpweya wotentha umachotsedwa pamwamba pa hopper.
Ngati pulasitiki youma ikuwonekera mumlengalenga, idzatenga madzi mwamsanga mumlengalenga ndikutaya kuyanika.Ngakhale mu hopper yophimbidwa ndi makina, nthawi yosungira sikuyenera kukhala yayitali kwambiri, nthawi zambiri isapitirire ola limodzi m'masiku amvula, masiku adzuwa amangokhala maola atatu.
Sinthani kutentha kwa mbiya
Kutentha kwa nayiloni kumasungunuka kwambiri, koma ikafika posungunuka, kukhuthala kwake kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa thermoplastics wamba monga polystyrene, kotero kupanga fluidity si vuto.Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha ma rheological properties a nayiloni, kukhuthala kowonekera kumachepa pamene kumeta ubweya kumawonjezeka, ndipo kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhala kochepa, pakati pa 3 ℃ ndi 5 ℃, kotero kutentha kwakuthupi ndi chitsimikizo cha nkhungu yodzaza bwino.
Koma nayiloni mu boma kusungunuka pamene bata matenthedwe ndi osauka, processing zinthu mkulu kwambiri zolimbitsa yaitali Kutentha nthawi kungachititse kuti polima kuwonongeka, kuti mankhwala kuoneka thovu, mphamvu kuchepa.Choncho, kutentha kwa gawo lililonse la mbiya ayenera mosamalitsa ankalamulira, kuti pellet mu mkulu kusungunuka kutentha, Kutentha zinthu ndi wololera mmene ndingathere, ena yunifolomu, kupewa kusungunuka zoipa ndi m`deralo kutenthedwa chodabwitsa.Ponena za kuumba konse, kutentha kwa mbiya sikuyenera kupitirira 300 ℃, ndipo nthawi yotentha ya pellet mu mbiya sayenera kupitirira 30min.
Zida zowonjezera zida
Choyamba ndi momwe zinthu zilili mu mbiya, ngakhale pali jekeseni wambiri wopita patsogolo, koma kubwereranso kwa zinthu zosungunula muzitsulo zowonongeka ndi kutayikira pakati pa mapeto a wononga ndi khoma lamkati la mbiya yokhotakhota kumawonjezeka. chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamadzimadzi, komwe sikumangochepetsa kuthamanga kwa jakisoni komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya, komanso nthawi zina kumalepheretsa kudyetsa bwino, kotero kuti wononga sungabwerere.Chifukwa chake, chipika choyendera chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa kutsogolo kwa mbiya kuti zisabwererenso.Koma pambuyo khazikitsa mphete cheke, kutentha zinthu ayenera ziwonjezeke ndi 10 ℃ ~ 20 ℃ moyenerera, kuti kutaya mavuto akhoza kulipidwa.
Chachiwiri ndi mphuno, jekeseni ntchito yatha, wononga kumbuyo, chosungunula kutsogolo kwa ng'anjo pansi pa kupsyinjika otsalira akhoza kutuluka mu nozzle, ndiko kuti, otchedwa "salivation phenomenon".Ngati zinthu kuti salivated mu patsekeke adzapanga mbali ndi ozizira zinthu mawanga kapena zovuta kudzaza, ngati nozzle motsutsa nkhungu pamaso kuchotsedwa, ndipo kwambiri kuchuluka ntchito mavuto, chuma si ndalama.Ndi njira yabwino yochepetsera kutentha kwa mphuno poyika mphete yotenthetsera yosinthidwa payokha pamphuno, koma njira yofunikira ndikusintha mphuno ndi valavu ya masika.Zoonadi, zinthu zamasika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mtundu uwu wa nozzle ziyenera kukhala zosagwirizana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, apo ayi zidzataya mphamvu zake zotanuka chifukwa cha kukanikiza mobwerezabwereza kutentha kwambiri.
Onetsetsani kuti mpweya utsikira ndikuwongolera kutentha kwa kutentha
Chifukwa cha malo osungunuka a nylon, nawonso, kuzizira kwake kumakhalanso kokwera, zinthu zomwe zimasungunuka mu nkhungu zozizira zimatha kukhazikika nthawi iliyonse chifukwa cha kutentha kugwera pansi pa malo osungunuka, kuteteza kutha kwa kudzaza nkhungu. , kotero jekeseni wothamanga kwambiri uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, makamaka pazigawo zopyapyala kapena zigawo zamtunda wautali.Kuphatikiza apo, kudzaza nkhungu yothamanga kwambiri kumabweretsanso vuto lotulutsa mpweya, nkhungu ya nayiloni iyenera kukhala ndi miyeso yokwanira yotulutsa.
Nayiloni ili ndi zofunika kwambiri kutentha kufa kuposa thermoplastics wamba.Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwa nkhungu ndikoyenera kuyenda.Ndikofunikira kwambiri pazigawo zovuta.Vuto ndilakuti kusungunuka kwa kuzizira kosungunuka pambuyo podzaza patsekeke kumakhudza kwambiri kapangidwe kake ndi katundu wa zidutswa za nayiloni.Makamaka lagona crystallization ake, pamene mu kutentha kwambiri mu amorphous boma mu patsekeke, crystallization anayamba, kukula kwa mlingo crystallization imvera mkulu ndi otsika nkhungu kutentha ndi kutentha kutengerapo mlingo.Pamene mbali zoonda ndi elongation mkulu, kuwonekera bwino ndi kulimba chofunika, nkhungu kutentha ayenera kukhala otsika kuchepetsa mlingo wa crystallization.Pamene khoma wandiweyani wokhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kwabwino kwa kuvala ndi kusinthika kwakung'ono kumafunika, kutentha kwa nkhungu kuyenera kukhala kokwezeka kuti kuwonjezere kuchuluka kwa crystallization.Kutentha kwa nayiloni kumafuna kutentha kwakukulu, izi ndichifukwa choti kuchuluka kwake komwe kumacheperako kumakhala kwakukulu, ikasintha kuchoka ku chitsulo kupita kumalo olimba, kuchuluka kwa voliyumu kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, makamaka kwa zinthu zapakhoma, kutentha kwa nkhungu kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kungayambitse kusiyana kwamkati.Pokhapokha pamene kutentha kwa nkhungu kumayendetsedwa bwino kukula kwa zigawozo kumakhala kokhazikika.
Kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwa nkhungu ya nayiloni ndi 20 ℃ ~ 90 ℃.Ndi bwino kukhala ndi zipangizo zoziziritsira (monga madzi apampopi) ndi zotenthetsera (monga plug-in electric heat rod).
Kutentha ndi humidification
Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kuposa 80 ℃ kapena zofunika mwatsatanetsatane mwatsatanetsatane mbali, akamaumba ayenera annealed mu mafuta kapena parafini.Kutentha kwa annealing kuyenera kukhala 10 ℃ ~ 20 ℃ kuposa kutentha kwa utumiki, ndipo nthawi iyenera kukhala pafupifupi 10min ~ 60min malinga ndi makulidwe.Pambuyo pa annealing, iyenera kukhazikika pang'onopang'ono.Pambuyo pakuwotcha ndi kutentha, kristalo wokulirapo wa nayiloni amatha kupezeka, ndipo kulimba kumatheka.Crystallized mbali, kachulukidwe kusintha ndi kochepa, osati mapindikidwe ndi akulimbana.Zigawo zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi njira yoziziritsa mwadzidzidzi zimakhala ndi crystallinity yochepa, kristalo yaying'ono, yolimba kwambiri komanso yowonekera.
Powonjezera nucleating wothandizira wa nayiloni, jekeseni akamaumba akhoza kutulutsa lalikulu crystallinity kristalo, akhoza kufupikitsa kuzungulira kwa jekeseni, kuwonekera ndi kuuma kwa mbali zasinthidwa.
Kusintha kwa chinyezi chozungulira kumatha kusintha kukula kwa zidutswa za nayiloni.Nayiloni yokhayo yocheperako ndiyokwera kwambiri, kuti ikhale yokhazikika bwino, imatha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kapena njira yamadzi kuti ipangitse kunyowa.Njira ndi zilowerere mbali mu madzi otentha kapena potaziyamu acetate amadzimadzi njira (chiŵerengero cha potaziyamu acetate ndi madzi ndi 1.25:100, otentha mfundo 121 ℃), akuwukha nthawi zimadalira pazipita khoma makulidwe a mbali, 1.5mm 2h , 3mm 8h, 6mm 16h.Chithandizo cha humidification chimatha kukonza mawonekedwe a kristalo apulasitiki, kukonza kulimba kwa magawo, ndikuwongolera kufalikira kwa kupsinjika kwamkati, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwinoko kuposa chithandizo cha annealing.
Nthawi yotumiza: 03-11-22